1895 in science
April 26 – The New York Zoological Society, the modern-day Wildlife Conservation Society, is chartered. David Bruce discovers the Trypanosoma parasite carried by the tsetse fly which causes the fatal cattle disease nagana.
1888 in science
January 3 – The 91 cm refracting telescope at Lick Observatory is first used. The James Lick telescope is the largest refractor in the world at this time, and the observatory is the first established at the top of a mountain. The 76 cm refracting ...
1947 in science
August 7 – Thor Heyerdahls balsa-wood raft, the Kon-Tiki, smashes into the reef at Raroia in the Tuamotu Islands after a 101-day, 4300-mile 6900-km journey across the Pacific Ocean, demonstrating that prehistoric peoples could have traveled from ...
1981 in science
September – Pantanal Matogrossense National Park designated in Brazil. Publication of Stephen Jay Goulds critique of biological determinism, The Mismeasure of Man, in the United States.
2012 in science
The year 2012 involved many significant scientific events and discoveries, including the first orbital rendezvous by a commercial spacecraft, the discovery of a particle highly similar to the long-sought Higgs boson, and the near-eradication of g ...
1765 in science
May – James Watt makes a breakthrough in the development of the steam engine by constructing a model with a separate condenser. Timișoara Fortress construction completed by the Habsburg Empire. October 15 – Gribeauval system for manufacture of ca ...
1787 in science
Caroline Herschel is granted an annual salary of £50 by King George III of Great Britain for acting as assistant to her brother William in astronomy. January 11 – William Herschel discovers Titania and Oberon, the first moons of Uranus found. Feb ...
1830 in science
Johann Heinrich Madler and Wilhelm Beer produce the first map of the surface of Mars. March 16 – Great Comet of 1830 C/1830 F1, 1830 I first observed in Mauritius.
1833 in science
probable date – Paul Gerwien proves the Bolyai–Gerwien theorem formulated by Farkas Bolyai: that any two simple polygons of equal area are equidecomposable.
1839 in science
January – The first parallax measurement of the distance to Alpha Centauri is published by Thomas Henderson. January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken by Louis Daguerre.
1863 in science
Teerfarbenfabrik Meister, Lucius & Co. of Hochst Frankfurt in Germany produce a green dye from coal tar. August 1 – Friedrich Bayer founds the chemical manufacturing company of Bayer at Barmen in Germany.
1877 in science
June 19 – Eadweard Muybridge successfully produces a fast-motion sequence of photographs showing a horse in movement, Sallie Gardner at a Gallop, using multiple cameras at Palo Alto, California, demonstrating that a running horse has all four leg ...
1898 in science
Annie Scott Dill Maunder photographs the suns outer corona during a solar eclipse in India. George Darwin proposes that the Earth and Moon had once been one body. 433 Eros, the first near-Earth object, is discovered.
1910 in science
May 18 – Earth passes through the tail of Halleys Comet. Approximate date – The Hertzsprung–Russell diagram is developed by Ejnar Hertzsprung and Henry Norris Russell.
1972 in science
March 2 – Launch of Pioneer 10 spacecraft. February 4 – Mariner 9 sends pictures from Mars. April 16 – Apollo 16 launched. July 23 – The United States launches Landsat 1, the first Earth-resources satellite. January 5 – President of the United St ...
1976 in science
September 3 – Viking program: The Viking 2 spacecraft lands at Utopia Planitia on Mars and takes the first close-up color photographs of the planets surface. June 18 – Gravity Probe A, a satellite-based experiment to test Albert Einsteins theory ...
1901 in science
Okapi, a relative of the Giraffe found in the rainforests around the Congo River in north east Zaire, is discovered previously known only to local natives. Edmund Selous publishes the book Bird Watching in the U.K., giving rise to the term birdwa ...
1904 in science
Johannes Franz Hartmann discovers the interstellar medium. December 3 – The sixth moon of Jupiter, later called Himalia, is discovered at Lick Observatory. Notable asteroid 522 Helga is discovered by Max Wolf in Heidelberg. Edward Walter Maunder ...
1905 in science
The Umov effect is noted by Nikolay Umov. The Dominion Observatory opens in Ottawa. Various astronomers discover the minor planets 554 Peraga through 583 Klotilde see List of minor planets/501–600. January 2 – Charles Dillon Perrine at Lick Obser ...
1908 in science
June 30 – Tunguska event in Siberia, an explosion believed to have been caused by the air burst of a large meteoroid or comet fragment at an altitude of 5–10 kilometres 3–6 mi above the Earths surface. If its start and end are defined using mean ...
1914 in science
A 76 cm refracting telescope is built at Allegheny Observatory in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It is the fifth largest refractor in the world. Robert Goddard begins building rockets. Sinope, the outermost known moon of Jupiter, is discovered by Seth ...
1938 in science
December 22 – Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer discovers a Coelacanth, formerly seen only in fossils millions of years old, in a fishermans catch in South Africa. Last known captive specimen of Schomburgks deer is killed. Bawden and Pirie publish the f ...
1948 in science
November 20 – The Takahē, a flightless bird generally thought to have been extinct for fifty years, is rediscovered by Geoffrey Orbell near Lake Te Anau in the South Island of New Zealand. August 7 – Teaching and research in Mendelian genetics is ...
1949 in science
June 14 – Albert II, a rhesus monkey, becomes the first mammal in space, in a U.S launched V-2 rocket, reaching an altitude of 83 miles 134 km but dying on impact after a parachute failure.
1951 in science
October 15 – The progestin norethisterone, significant in creation of the combined oral contraceptive pill, is synthesized by Carl Djerassi, Luis E. Miramontes and George Rosenkranz at Syntex in Mexico City. May 28 – Oliver H. Lowry submits his L ...
1957 in science
Wilhelm Gliese publishes the first Gliese Catalogue of Nearby Stars. December 6 – The United States attempts launch of Vanguard TV3 which fails after just two seconds in the air. November 3 – Launch of Sputnik 2, with a dog called Laika on board, ...
1958 in science
During International Geophysical Year The 3rd Soviet Antarctic Expedition discovers the subglacial Gamburtsev Mountain Range in Antarctica; also becoming the first to reach the Southern Pole of Inaccessibility December 14. The Commonwealth Trans- ...
1959 in science
September 19 – Giuseppe Cocconi and Philip Morrison establish the scientific rationale for SETI with the publishing of their seminal paper "Searching for Interstellar Communications" in Nature. December 4 – Little Joe 2, a mission in the Mercury ...
1960 in science
September – A Soviet SS-2 Sibling missile is successfully launched in a suborbital test from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, the first Chinese spaceflight. August 11 – The return capsule of the U.S. Discoverer 13 Corona mission is successfully r ...
1961 in science
May 19 – Venera program: Venera 1 becomes the first manmade object to fly-by another planet by passing Venus however the probe had lost contact with earth a month earlier and does not send back any data. The Drake equation is written by Frank Dra ...
1962 in science
July 31 – Annular solar eclipse. Olin Eggen, Donald Lynden-Bell, and Allan Sandage theorize galaxy formation by a single relatively rapid monolithic collapse, with the halo forming first, followed by the disk. April 26 – The Ranger 4 spacecraft c ...
1966 in science
March 16 – NASA spacecraft Gemini 8 David Scott, Neil Armstrong conducts the first docking in space, with an Agena target vehicle. December 18 – Epimetheus, another of the moons of Saturn, is discovered, but mistaken for Janus which shares its or ...
1971 in science
May 30 – Mariner program: Mariner 9 is launched toward Mars. February 5 – Apollo 14 lands on the Moon. June 30 – The crew of the Soyuz 11 spacecraft are killed when their air supply leaks out through a faulty valve during re-entry preparations, t ...
1974 in science
February 13–15 – Sagittarius A*, thought to be the location of a supermassive black hole, is identified by Bruce Balick and Robert Brown using the baseline interferometer of the United States National Radio Astronomy Observatory. November 16 – Ar ...
1975 in science
August 20 – Viking program: NASA launches the Viking 1 planetary probe toward Mars. April 19 – Aryabhata, Indias first satellite, is launched using Soviet boosters. July 17 – Apollo-Soyuz Test Project: An American Apollo and a Soviet Soyuz spacec ...
1978 in science
October – It is first proposed that Janus and Epimetheus are two separate moons of Saturn sharing the same orbit. June 22 – James W. Christy at the United States Naval Observatory discovers Charon, the first moon of Pluto identified. March 2 – Vl ...
1979 in science
September 1 – The American Pioneer 11 becomes the first spacecraft to visit Saturn when it passes the planet at a distance of 21.000 km. Amateur Achievement Award of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific given for the first time. July 11 – Amer ...
1980 in science
October 3 – The main-belt asteroid 2404 Antarctica is discovered by Czech astronomer Antonin Mrkos. November 12 – Voyager program: The NASA space probe Voyager I makes its closest approach to Saturn when it flies within 77.000 miles 124.000 km of ...
1983 in science
New Zealand anthropologist Derek Freeman publishes Margaret Mead and Samoa: The Making and Unmaking of an Anthropological Myth, critical of Coming of Age in Samoa 1928 by Margaret Mead d. 1978.
2004 in science
October 27 – Remains of a previously unknown species of human is discovered in Indonesia. Named Homo floresiensis, the hominin is a dwarfed version that lived 18.000 years ago on the island of Flores.
2005 in science
March 31 – Dwarf planet Makemake is discovered in the Kuiper belt discovery announced July 29. March 23 – Two independent teams report the observation of light from planets circling two different stars, using the Spitzer infrared space telescope. ...
2006 in science
March 9 – NASAs Cassini-Huygens spacecraft discovers geysers of a liquid substance shooting from Saturns moon Enceladus, signaling a possible presence of water. February 13 – The recurrent nova RS Ophiuchi erupts. The last outburst occurred in 19 ...
2009 in science
The year 2009 involved numerous significant scientific events and discoveries, some of which are listed below. 2009 was designated the International Year of Astronomy by the United Nations.
2010 in science
The year 2010 involved numerous significant scientific events and discoveries, some of which are listed below. The United Nations declared 2010 the International Year of Biodiversity.
2013 in science
A number of significant scientific events occurred in 2013, including the discovery of numerous Earthlike exoplanets, the development of viable lab-grown ears, teeth, livers and blood vessels, and the atmospheric entry of the most destructive met ...
2014 in science
A number of significant scientific events occurred in 2014, including the first robotic landing on a comet and the first complete stem-cell-assisted recovery from paraplegia. The year also saw a significant expansion in the worldwide use and soph ...
2015 in science
A number of significant scientific events occurred in 2015. Gene editing based on CRISPR got significantly improved. A new human-like species, Homo naledi, was first described. Gravitational waves were observed for the first time, and dwarf plane ...
2016 in science
6 December Researchers at UC Berkeley design a wall-jumping robot known as Salto, which is described as the most vertically agile robot ever built. The National Snow and Ice Data Center announces record low sea ice extents for both the Arctic and ...
1907 in science
Georges Urbain discovers Lutetium from Lutetia, the ancient name of Paris. Emil Fischer artificially synthesizes peptide amino acid chains and thereby shows that amino acids in proteins are connected by amino group-acid group bonds. Hermann Staud ...
1984 in science
The National Radio Astronomy Observatory in the United States converts the 36-foot radio telescope on Kitt Peak originally built in 1967 to the ARO 12m Radio Telescope. February 7 – Astronauts Bruce McCandless II and Robert L. Stewart make the fi ...
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